Glossary

A structured record of a student's proficiencies where every entry is backed by evidence: a professor endorsement, a university-supervised stage evaluation, a verified project, or a host-institution exchange completion. Maintained continuously and cryptographically signed.

A single verified change in a student's proficiency on a specific skill, with source (STAGE, PROJECT, COURSE, THESIS, ENDORSEMENT, EXCHANGE), evaluator, before/after level, and evidence. SkillDeltas accumulate into the student's verified skill graph.

A persistent record of why a match was produced — factors, weights, input snapshot, model version, and whether the subject has viewed the explanation. Required by EU AI Act Art. 86 (right to explanation) and GDPR Art. 22.

A recruiter-side document combining a candidate's verified skill graph, match explanation, issued credentials, stage history with supervisor quotes, and professor endorsements into a single printable dossier.

EU Regulation 2024/1689 — the Artificial Intelligence Act. Classifies AI systems that evaluate candidates for employment as high-risk (Annex III point 4). High-risk obligations (transparency, human oversight, traceability, right to explanation) became enforceable on 2026-02-02. Fines up to €35M or 7% of annual turnover.

The EU's standard multilingual taxonomy of skills, competences, qualifications, and occupations. Version 1.2.0 at time of writing. Published by the European Commission at esco.ec.europa.eu. InTransparency maps platform skills to ESCO URIs for cross-border portability.

The EU's standardized framework for describing skills and qualifications, managed by CEDEFOP. Includes Europass CV, Europass Digital Credentials Infrastructure (EDCI), and the EU Digital Wallet. InTransparency exports student profiles in Europass v3 JSON-LD format.

Cryptographically signed digital credentials defined by the W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model 1.1. An issuer signs a claim about a subject; any third party with the issuer's public key can verify the claim without contacting the issuer. InTransparency uses Ed25519Signature2020.

EU Regulation 2016/679 on personal data protection. Relevant articles: Art. 15 (access), Art. 16 (rectification), Art. 17 (erasure), Art. 20 (portability), Art. 22 (right to object to automated decisions). InTransparency exposes all of these as self-service at /dashboard/student/privacy.

Italian term for a supervised work-experience placement. Two major categories: tirocinio curriculare (credit-bearing, during studies) and tirocinio extracurriculare (post-graduation). Requires a legal convention between university, company, and student, with CCNL reference and INAIL insurance.

Italian high-school-level work-experience program (formerly "alternanza scuola-lavoro"). Mandatory hours of structured learning outside the classroom during upper secondary education. Parental consent required for minors; managed on the platform with dedicated flows.

Italian quality-assurance agency for universities and research. Runs periodic accreditation reviews that scrutinize placement data, curriculum-labor market alignment, and graduate outcomes. Our Skills Intelligence dashboard outputs the evidence ANVUR reviewers seek.

Italian national institute for educational research and innovation. Manages the national programs including PCTO coordination. Runs teacher training, educational research projects.

Italian national collective bargaining agreement. Every labor relationship — including tirocini — must reference an applicable CCNL (e.g., Metalmeccanici Industria, Commercio Terziario, Studi Professionali). The CCNL defines minimum pay, working hours, and conditions.

Italian national institute for occupational accident insurance. Every stage/tirocinio requires an INAIL policy number on the convention. Covers work-related injuries and illnesses.

The Cineca-developed student information system (SIS) used by most Italian universities. Stores enrollments, exam records, graduation status. InTransparency's Esse3 adapter allows automatic student roster sync where a university has Cineca API credentials.

Italian digital identity system (Sistema Pubblico di Identità Digitale). Used to authenticate citizens with public-sector services. Complemented by CIE (Carta d'Identità Elettronica). InTransparency's SPID integration is scaffolded; AgID accreditation in progress for Q3 2026.

Italian university consortium (based in Bologna) that tracks graduate employment outcomes via annual surveys. Taxpayer-funded. Universities submit graduation data; companies query for candidates. Not all Italian universities are members; Università Cattolica and Bocconi notably do not participate.